Short notes of Chemistry Form4 Chapter2- The Structure of Atom

CHAPTER 2 : THE STRUCTURE OF ATOM

-          A Matter is anything that occupy space and has mass.

-          Type Of Particles: Atom, Molecules, Ions

-          State Of Matter: Solid, Liquid, Gas

-          The temperature at which a solid completely changes to a liquid is called melting point.

-          Boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid changes into gas.

-          During the boiling process, the temperature remains constant because the heat energy absorbed by the particles and used to overcome then forces of attraction between particles.

-          The heat lost to the environment is exactly balanced by the heat released when the liquid particles rearrange themselves to become solid.

-          J.J Thomson discovered the electrons.

-          Ernest Rutherford discovered protons.

-          Chadwick proved the existence of neutrons.

Proton Number, Z = Number Of Proton

Nucleon Number, A = Number Of Proton + Number Of Neutron

Neutron Number = Nucleon Number – Proton Number